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Atheism and Utopia

A picture of a man in a neon sphere

Through having some discussions with friends over a catholic article, the topic of utopia was reached.

The reason for this was a proposal that perhaps utopia is the atheist alternative to heaven, entirely human in it’s construct, a place of luxury, and no work.

This is an interesting perspective, for the specific reason of it’s “unspecificity”. No matter how many times we discuss utopia, we fail to define it. It is as elusive. Many want it, but are unable to express what it is.

Which does beg a question: why is it so prominent in our culture? What does it’s concept signify about the self?

It’s prominence comes from a daily slog, constant battles, and draining integration. At least for many of us. I think people are seeking peace. But there is confusion over how this should manifest, hence the entry of utopia over heaven. God is exacting. He wishes for us to conquer sin and self. Utopia, with its lack of definition, exacts nothing, existing as an ephemeral better. “With AI, we will achieve Utopia”.

It seems, observing, that perhaps what is happening here is as simple as an aversion to work. People do not like working, which can be translated as do not like doing what I don’t want. And here it is that I think we have partially come to the definition of utopia. “A place where I can do what I want, all the time”.

Essentially, it is partially where the individual can run rampant. I say partially, because in the vast majority of cases, people also want a little more from utopia, and that is the presence of others to spend utopia with. This, then, is quite the spanner in the works, because to co-exist, we need some form of compromise over what we do…

To position this slightly differently, if our utopias existed within a computer simulation, where we lived in our utopia, complete with our rules, regulations, and behaviours, and also, we were surrounded by AI Persons (or NPCS), which, crucially, the software masked in order to make it seem like they are real people to us, would we be happy with an existence where our every dream and desire was met? A world of yes men and women? A little thinking surely arrives at the conclusion, that no, this is not utopia, but indeed a sickly, deeply solipsist nightmare. We need other individuals, complete with their own thoughts, behaviours, and opinions. In order to socialise with such persons,we need to work, work towards and with the other in order to understand, and perhaps even enjoy the perspectives gleaned from shared existence.

And how can this sharing of existence occur? How can there be two, three, 100 truths, all equal ways of observing and living life? Surely this in itself points to an infinite source of everything…God. But this definition does not include the incorrect pathways taken in life. That of death, hatred, an aversion to the other. If we can infinitely find ways to love, through God, we must also consider the opposite, a frightful and lonely spiral into the desolation of the singular, the “utopia” which has only the self, and no other.

So, in finishing, we should remember that those who promise utopia have not defined it, because it exists strictly as an individualistic fantasy which paradoxically fails to consider the other, who we wish to spend utopia or immortality with. To exist with someone means the necessity of friction, and thus work to understand that person’s position. Work is what God wishes of us in order to reach that state worthy of heaven. So, we should stop dreaming of an undefined and unreachable “utopia”, and instead work hard for heaven.

This article is written by a Catholic, but does not necessarily represent Catholic perspectives or revealed truth. I am happy to be corrected with inaccuracies.

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The Technological Crossroads

Are we fast approaching a technological crossroads with AI and the internet?

The internet has given us much already, and AI has the potential to completely restructure society, perhaps for the better. But where does this pathway ultimately end? Do we reach utopia, completely free to explore our every desire and whim? Would that even be a utopia?

A darker perspective is that the technological path is actually leading us towards symbiosis with the machine, as opposed to the natural world. It’s possible that the natural conclusion of this pathway will be the replacement of the natural, physical world, where we must labour, to an entirely virtual world, with its promises of limitless possibilities and labour-free utopia.

However, digitization seems to always be an approximation of reality. Certainly now, and maybe forever. We are still finding smaller and smaller particles of matter. Will this end, or will it continue infinitely? It seems that if “smallest” has a limit, then matter could in fact be a simulation, with replication of the world and universe possible…perhaps. But I don’t think that this is the case.

I believe that God, and only God, has given us matter. If we can find the smallest possible particle, then can we not also be God to an extent? Even if this were possible, we would also need to solve consciousness, which we are very far from doing, and if each soul is unique, does this not also point to a form of infinity of what makes mind? 

Why, though, is this important? Well, as mentioned, we appear to be fast approaching a crossroads of sorts. Machines are becoming so advanced that they are outcompeting us at a number of work related tasks. In accepting this, we are giving our minds over to the machine. As I mentioned previously, there are surely some tasks which should remain human, the tasks which elevate our minds and souls, taking us closer to God whilst also developing ourselves. And guess what? These tasks require work. We shouldn’t be against work, as it is essential in the job of creation. As evidenced from God, who rested on the 7th day.

The crossroads, I feel, will not just involve us contributing to machine intelligence, but will actually ask us to become machines. Become approximations of life, and experiences. At least partially. They will ask us to store our memories on brain hard drives. AI is already reading thoughts and visualising them. But a memory, as well as usually having sight, can also have sound, smell, touch, taste, and perhaps most importantly, a generalized feeling which accompanies the memory. Again, can we actually digitize any of this, or will it be just an approximation? Feeling is tied closely to consciousness, that is the act of experiencing. How can experience…life…be digitised? More than likely it cannot. So we should be wary before running to the front of the line to get our brains chipped.

Then there is also the digital equivalent of the natural virus. Do we really wish to expose ourselves to this? Could an artificial virus interact with the conscious, with memories? Already, our minds are making decisions based on the at least partial make-believe of the internet with its disinformation and AI generated content. Do we need to open up another avenue where our decisions and behaviours are artificially warped? Some will tell you, it’s okay, memories themselves are approximations. Viruses can alter your DNA in the real world. People can spread lies. It’s going to be a difficult choice for people. On the surface, it seems that it is similar to artificial medicines, which we all take to improve longevity. But the implications of being able to manipulate the conscious directly through machines, rather than the current model of abstract, promoted ideas, is rather more terrifying.

This machine fusion path we appear to be following seems to be rooted in conglomeration and complete centralization. To some, it must seem inevitable. Is there a parallel in the Biblical passage of the Towel of Babel? What can it teach us about today? Certainly, Globalisation seems to be getting pushed at the moment which is allowing massive world conglomerates to form. The internet, or the virtual world seems to mirroring this, forming the centralized conglomerates (Meta, Google, etc). This technological pathway being followed seems to be creating what could be described as a Virtual Babel of sorts, in Artificial Intelligence. Relying on the whole human virtual world of the internet for it’s data, it has become for some the single hope of reaching the heavens, of achieving transcendence, an immortality of sorts. But it is in its entirety only a work of human hands, and any creation that comes of it will reflect our flaws. Over-reliance on it, or the promotion of it as the guide for humanity, replacing God, is surely doomed to failure. Another consideration is that the human desire for immortality is being hijacked with a kind of sophisticated selling, pushing many into support of the tech path being followed. Without the promise of immortality, would the populace agree to this path, or would they revolt?

The other issue with virtual conglomerates is that all the people flock there, but only a select few are allowed to broadcast effectively. The vast majority of people are left without a voice, and are left without power to effectuate change. The conglomerates can then use this position of power to promote who gets to broadcast, and thus, the message that gets broadcast, and they can solidify this power by buying out competition.

Is this the only and best model? When we analyse what is happening in the virtual conglomerates, we see that there is an embarrassment of riches. The consumer can, or at least used to be able, to peruse everything if they wanted to. But what happens here is we become bored, a saturation point has been reached. This then has the effect of diminishing everything. Art, by way of example, ceases to be valued. A secondary effect is that shallow sensationalism  creeps in. A concentration on appealing to base instincts or desires. The brain in fact becomes rewired for this. The morally negative is also explored, since it now has uniqueness and appeal to the consumer. In fact, base instincts and shallow desires require no work or mastery, and so it is often the morally negative that is a default path for the weak human mind to take (think pornography). It is up to the controllers and distributors to ensure that we are not consuming this information. 

What then is the problem with all of this? Why not give into base desires? Why not delve into the morally negative? The primary problem is that it leads away from God. As “God is love”, we can surmise that the path away from Him is the opposite: anti-love. If God is also “life”, then we can surmise that the path away from God is anti-life. To put it another way, the pursuit of shallow desires and the morally negative is ultimately self-serving, and ends with The Singular. There is room for no other. We need to rise up and become more than just selfish animals.

The governing structures, then, need to facilitate this. They need to respect the dignity of the human, not mass control through rewiring of neural pathways. People need to have the means to reach their potential.

Can the virtual space achieve this? The Fediverse aims to federalise the internet, breaking it down into smaller areas. This essentially means more competition amongst the broadcast areas, and less saturation of information. This is surely a good thing, but is it enough? Ultimately, the ease of obfuscation on the internet , both of individuals, and of organisations manipulating the information, leads to a lack of accountability, and a rise of manipulation. An idea should have to compete with the local, physical environment to be embedded, and the ultimate danger with the internet is it is becoming our local environment. And this is a really poor substitute for physical, local, gatherings, where the dignity of the other can be felt on a far more pronounced level. How can we really formulate decisions on how to take ourselves or humanity forward when we migrate to a virtual existence, which is just an approximation of physical existence?

What then, does this mean for the internet at large? If I were to guess, I would bet that we will increasingly try to model the internet on real life, in a futile attempt to replicate what can’t be replicated. But God has given us the internet for a reason. We just need to find out what that reason is. Whilst a false god, and machine “life”, are out of reach for AI, perhaps it may help the human minds that will attempt to solve climate change by aggregating the internet’s data.

To finish then, we are fast approaching a crossroads with technology, particularly the rise of the internet with AI. The promise of an entirely virtual, work-free utopia through fusion with the machine is not something we should be striving for, nor should we be attempting to replace God. We need to be careful of our next steps, recognising that work is not something that hampers us, but instead elevates both ourselves and our community when directed in the correct way.

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Ikoflex II – Example Images

I have really enjoyed using my Ikoflex II (851/16), I think mainly for the square image format, but secretly, also for the joy of taking out into public such a beautiful camera.

The square image format means that you need to switch in  your mind your field of view. I found this transition reasonably easy to do, although you might disagree once you have seen my pictures! Essentially, you need to fill more frame, and this leads to compositions that were not possible before, and are also a little rarer on the internet due to the lower numbers of square shooters.

Unfortunately, you are restricted to one lens with this camera, a Tessar 75mm 3.5 aperture. Whilst this is a great lens, there are some shots that I know it will struggle with, such as the poppy in my “Yvorne” print below.

This was taken with a 50mm manual focus lens on a digital crop sensor body, so closer to 75mm on a 35mm. Of course, on medium format, the lens you would actually need would be around a 110mm, based on this forum post (https://www.photo.net/forums/topic/330951-6×7-equivalent-focal-lengths-in-35mm/). So with the standard Ikoflex II lens, flowers would be very much smaller at the same distance. The reason I’m saying this is that although I love my TLR, I do need another camera to be providing other focal lengths.

Then of course there are times when you need to go wider. But as long as you are not trying to replicate a shot taken on another camera, ie. your camera phone on a square setting, then you should be able to get some pretty nice shots. Below I show a comparison between a camera phone pic, and my “replication” on medium format.  The medium format shot needed to be cropped heavily.



Here’s another comparison. This time I changed the scene composition slightly from the phone shot to the medium format. I also had to step back a lot further.



For portraits, this camera is quite difficult. I think its main issue is the focusing lever. Although the focusing lever is art deco gorgeous, I would probably get the dial given another opportunity. It’s just very difficult to make micro movements. Plus, it continually comes loose, meaning I have to re-tighten with my fingernail.

For detail, medium format is a big step up from 35mm. I couldn’t believe when I got the shot below scanned. It was popping out at me. The detail on the roof was just jaw dropping.

Then there is the film you pick. With Portra 800, you get a lot of wiggle room. But you can also overexpose to get somewhat of a pastel look, which I think I have a bit of in the image below. (These are all just small, regular, glossy prints from Cewe, with no ICC profiles used. I expect them to look a lot better when I get ICC enabled prints made from The Print Space).

Of course, with these old cameras, there is often at least a small issue. On this particular camera, it is red light leaks, as you can see from the images below. It seems to arrive when the light is particularly strong. I could alter this, but in fact, I quite like the added effect sometimes.

So that is a brief run through some examples images on my Ikoflex II. Some of the above will definitely be making it to larger print, although I may try to get them rescanned on a Noritsu 1800 available at Quick Photo in Geneva, as opposed to scanning on my Epson v700.

I’ll leave you with a couple of further shots:

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Olympus AZ-210 Super Zoom – Review and Example Images

It is with great pain that I must leave behind my Vitomatic II, and move back to my Olympus AZ-210 Super Zoom.

Despite loving the look and feel of my Vitomatic II, I lost some very important pictures (to me) on that roll. It looks like a shutter issue according to the Reddit analogue community.

So I’m back to my Olympus AZ-210 Super Zoom. I had been using it as a travel camera, there to take the Christmas shots and the like of family. Also, it makes a great wedding camera.

What stands out on the Olympus, as well as I imagine most point and shoots, is it’s versatility. It can be out during the day, with the flash it can be out during the night, it auto-meters dependant on the film, it has a zoom function(38-76), it has a timer, autofocus, and finally, it is theft-proof-UGLY.

Yes, you read that right. The Olympus AZ-210 Super Zoom has the classic 90’s Super Ugly look. Encased in plastic, and shaped like it was handcrafted by THE most boring person on planet Earth, we have here a theft proof gem, particularly if you can pick one up fully working for 20 pound like me.

I have to admit, I’m not much of a technical photographer. I can work a manual film camera, I’ve been through the digital age, but extra functions beyond the timer tend to get ignored by me. So it’s possible this camera has other functions. I wouldn’t know. What I do know is this is a great carry round camera, light enough not to disturb the normal workings of your shoulder, certainly getting within the realms of being a spare carry round.

When I get over the fact that the camera can crack mirrors if it looks at them hard enough, what we have is something highly useable. How often are you in a scene where you can’t take a picture because the light is too low? How often are you scared of your camera being stolen? How often do you leave your camera at home because of weight and size restrictions? As a take-everywhere camera, this is quite perfect.

And so onto the images themselves. I must say that I find them pleasing. They’re not as sharp as you might get with a prime lens, the colours are perhaps ordinary, but you are still getting the film look, which to my mind elevates it over anything digital. There is even a night shot here, in low lit conditions, which I think has come out quite well.

In terms of being robust, well I must confess, I dropped the camera on the floor very early on, and it has continued to work very well, this despite the fact that when I dropped it it split open. Now, don’t go verifying my results – it is still made of plastic, but I thought this was something positive to add. However, at least buy a wrist strap for it, as it’s design is bulky in a way, and not the easiest to get a grip on when you are removing it from the case.

So, finally, I’ll finish with some images so that you can make your own decision.

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Vitomatic II – example images

I have now had the Vitomatic II with me for a couple of months or so. I have come to love the camera. This despite some quirks: It is not quick to focus, with the rangefinder prism making it difficult to see the double shadow. It is heavy, so much so I had to remove it from my shoulder to drink my beer today. Finally, the lightmeter is a little awkward to use, being located on top of the camera.

Despite these “quirks”, the camera is kind of a joy to use. The weight and full metal construction makes me want to splurge into classic car analogies. This just feels good to use, everything is precise and well oiled. The aperture/shutter dials are genious, removing the pain of calulating away from your brain. Once you get the hang of it, and trusting that your lightmeter is accurate, everything becomes reasonably easy to do. Just some issues with speedy focussing.

Now, onto the pain I experienced when receiving back my first roll of film. Twas an arrow wound to my heart.

Although some pictures were okay, I received a lot of ruined shots, some blank or dark, and a lot with what I can only describe as wavy exposure lines.

As you can see from the images, these wavy lines have completely ruined the images. So far, I am unsure as to what they are… Is it a small pinhole light leak on the camera somewhere? Why, then, is half the image okay? Could it be a problem with the development process? I’ll need to research more to find out. For the time being, however, I’ll be leaving the house with my trusty backup, the Olympus AZ-210 also in tow, as I think I truly lost a couple of really great shots here. If you know what went wrong, then leave a message in the comments below.

Still, not everything went wrong. I got a number of family shots that came out nicely, so at least those memories weren’t lost (I won’t post them for privacy reasons).

I also got one, yes only one keeper.

It was a fairly routine shot which has really come out in post production with the application of a black and white filter. You can really see the detail in the stonework, and the gradients are fantastic. Overall, I’m very pleased with this, and may offer it as a print in the near future.

For those looking to see colour rendition, I include the shot below, although it not really a keeper.

I do still have a policy of trying not to commit orginials to the internet, so expect the above two images to be replaced by print versions shortly!

So, I hope I’ve given a small window into the use of, and results obtained by, the Vitomatic II. Hopefully we can resolve our issues, and continue with a relationship that started out so well.

Let me know in the comments of your experiences with this camera.